Macular Degeneration

At Eyedeal Vision, we are committed to helping patients protect their eyesight and maintain their quality of life. One of the leading causes of vision loss, macular degeneration, affects millions of people, particularly as they age. This progressive eye condition damages the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for sharp, detailed vision, making everyday tasks like reading, recognizing faces, and driving more difficult. While there is no cure for macular degeneration, early detection and intervention can help slow its progression and preserve vision.

What Is Macular Degeneration?

Macular degeneration, also known as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), occurs when the macula deteriorates, leading to central vision loss. The macula is essential for tasks that require fine detail, such as reading and distinguishing colors. While peripheral vision remains unaffected, central vision becomes blurry or distorted as the condition progresses.

There are two primary types of AMD:

• Dry AMD (Non-Neovascular AMD): This is the most common form, accounting for about 80-90% of cases. It occurs when the macula thins over time due to the accumulation of drusen—small yellow deposits under the retina. Dry AMD progresses slowly, but in some cases, it can lead to significant vision loss.

• Wet AMD (Neovascular AMD): This more severe form occurs when abnormal blood vessels grow under the retina and leak blood or fluid, causing rapid and severe vision loss. Wet AMD requires urgent medical attention to prevent further damage.
  
  

Who Is at Risk?

Certain factors increase the risk of developing macular degeneration:

• Age: AMD is most common in people over 50.

• Family History: A genetic predisposition may play a role in developing the condition.

• Smoking: Smokers have a significantly higher risk compared to non-smokers.

• High Blood Pressure: Poor circulation can impact the health of the retina.

• Obesity: Excess weight may increase the likelihood of progression.

• Diet: A diet lacking in antioxidants and high in saturated fats may contribute to macular degeneration.

• Prolonged UV Exposure: Overexposure to sunlight without UV protection may increase risk.

Early detection is crucial in managing macular degeneration. Routine eye exams allow Dr. Badaracco to identify changes in the macula before noticeable symptoms arise. Advanced imaging technology can detect subtle signs of degeneration, helping doctors recommend timely interventions.

What to Expect During an Eye Exam

If macular degeneration is suspected, Dr. Badaracco may perform several tests to assess the retina and macula:

• Dilated Eye Exam: Drops are used to widen the pupils, allowing the doctor to examine the retina for signs of damage.

• Amsler Grid Test: A simple tool to detect visual distortions, such as wavy or missing lines.

• Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): A non-invasive imaging test that provides detailed cross-sectional images of the retina.

• Fluorescein Angiography: A dye is injected into the bloodstream to highlight abnormal blood vessels in wet AMD cases.
  
  

Early Symptoms to Be Aware Of

Macular degeneration may not cause noticeable symptoms in the early stages, but as the condition progresses, individuals may experience:

• Blurred or fuzzy central vision

• Difficulty recognizing faces

• Straight lines appearing wavy or distorted

• Dark or empty spots in vision

• Reduced color perception
  
  

Treating Macular Degeneration

While there is no cure for macular degeneration, several treatment approaches can help slow its progression and support visual function. Lifestyle and dietary changes play a crucial role in eye health, with a diet rich in leafy greens, omega-3 fatty acids, and antioxidants helping to support macular function. The AREDS2 supplement formula, which includes specific vitamins and minerals such as lutein, zeaxanthin, zinc, and vitamin C, has been shown to slow the progression of intermediate dry AMD in some patients.

For wet AMD, anti-VEGF injections can help reduce abnormal blood vessel growth and leakage, preserving vision for as long as possible. In some cases, laser therapy may be used to target and seal leaking blood vessels to prevent further damage.

For individuals with advanced macular degeneration, low vision aids can enhance remaining vision and improve daily living. Devices such as magnifiers, high-contrast glasses, and adaptive lighting help maximize visual capabilities and maintain independence.

Protect Your Vision Today

If you or a loved one are experiencing vision changes or have risk factors for macular degeneration, contact Eyedeal Vision to schedule a comprehensive eye exam and discuss ways to maintain your vision and eye health.